The Berbers, known as Amazigh (meaning "free people"), are one of the first inhabitants of North Africa, with a history that stretches back over 20,000 years. Their presence in Morocco is well-documented, with archaeological findings indicating that they are among the oldest populations in the region. The term "Berber" itself is derived from the Greek word "barbaria," which historically referred to non-Greek speakers.
From around 2000 BCE, Berber languages began to spread westward across the Sahara into the Maghreb. This period saw the rise of various Berber kingdoms, such as Numidia and Mauretania, which were significant players in ancient history. Notable dynasties like the Almoravids and Almohads emerged between the 11th and 13th centuries, establishing vast empires that included parts of Spain and sub-Saharan Africa.
The culture of the Berbers is a vibrant collection of traditions, arts, and social practices that have persisted despite numerous invasions and colonizations by various powers, including the Romans, Arabs, and Europeans. Berber society is characterized by its rich oral traditions, artisanal crafts, and unique architectural styles. Their handicrafts—particularly textiles such as rugs—are renowned for their intricate designs and vibrant colors.
